Which phrase best describes the relationship between job demands and discretion in the workplace?

The phrase that best describes the relationship between job demands and discretion in the workplace is "job strain." This concept refers to a situation where high job demands are paired with low levels of discretion or control over one's work tasks, leading to increased stress and negative health outcomes for employees. When workers face heavy workloads and do not have the authority to make decisions or effectively manage those demands, it can create a strain that affects their mental and physical well-being.

In contrast, phrases like job enrichment refer to enhancing job roles to include more variety and autonomy, potentially leading to greater satisfaction and motivation. Job satisfaction pertains to the overall feelings of contentment with one’s job role and responsibilities, which can be influenced by many factors, including the balance of demands and discretion. Job security relates to the stability of employment and does not directly address the interplay between demands and the autonomy workers experience in their roles. Therefore, "job strain" accurately captures the detrimental impact of heavy job demands without the corresponding ability to manage or influence those demands.