Which disorder is characterized by long-term, chronic depression?

Dysthymic disorder, also known as persistent depressive disorder, is characterized by a chronic form of depression that lasts for at least two years in adults (one year in children and adolescents). Individuals with this disorder experience a depressed mood more days than not, along with other symptoms such as changes in appetite, sleep disturbances, low energy, feelings of hopelessness, and difficulty concentrating. The symptoms are less severe than those of major depressive disorder but are more enduring.

In the context of chronic conditions, dysthymic disorder highlights the importance of understanding how long-term emotional disturbances can affect an individual's functioning over time. Recognition of this disorder is essential for timely intervention and management, which can significantly improve the person's quality of life.