What is the relationship between medication dose and side effects?

The correct answer highlights that side effects can increase with higher doses of medication. As the dosage of a drug increases, so does the likelihood of experiencing side effects. This phenomenon occurs because higher doses lead to higher concentrations of the medication in the bloodstream, which can amplify the effects of the drug, both therapeutic and adverse.

For many medications, the therapeutic benefits and side effects are dose-dependent. When an individual takes a higher dose, the body may react more intensely, resulting in an increased risk of side effects. This understanding is crucial for healthcare providers to balance efficacy with safety when prescribing medications.

In this context, the other options do not accurately reflect the relationship between dose and side effects. Lower doses having more side effects contradicts the general principle that higher doses lead to greater exposure and potential adverse effects. The idea that higher doses are always more effective overlooks the concept of the therapeutic window, which is the range of dosages that provides therapeutic effects without causing significant side effects. Lastly, the notion that side effects are not related to medication dose disregards the well-established pharmacological principle that dose influences both effectiveness and safety.