What adverse effect may occur if a patient abruptly discontinues their antidepressant medication?

When a patient abruptly discontinues their antidepressant medication, one possible adverse effect is a return of depressive symptoms, commonly referred to as "rebound depression." This can manifest as a worsening of mood, increased feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and overall functionality decline. Discontinuing antidepressants suddenly can lead to withdrawal symptoms and the exacerbation of the original condition for which the medication was prescribed. Many antidepressants work by altering neurotransmitter levels in the brain, primarily serotonin, norepinephrine, or dopamine. Stopping abruptly can disrupt this balance, leading to a resurgence of depressive symptoms.

Weight gain can be a side effect of some antidepressants when taking them rather than stopping abruptly. Anxiety can also be a symptom experienced during withdrawal, but it does not encapsulate the severity and impact of returning to a depressive state. Psychosis is a much more severe condition that is less commonly associated with the abrupt discontinuation of antidepressants. This highlights how the return of depression directly corresponds to the role these medications play in keeping mood symptoms stable.